Abstract: The invention provides pharmaceutical formulations of inhibitors for poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) enzyme. The formulations can be used in the treatment and prevention of cancer as well as the treatment of neurotrauma and neurodegenerative diseases. The PARP inhibitor is delivered in the form of nanoparticles that provide efficient delivery of the inhibitor into cancer cells or other cells and release of the inhibitor within the cells. In treating cancer, the result is killing of tumor cells, whereas in treatment of neurotrauma and neurodegenerative disease, the result is preservation of cell function.

Abstract: A sensor system and process for measuring electromagnetic activity of a brain are provided. The system and process employ a sensor assembly having a plurality of electrodes arranged in a closely spaced arrangement and a processor to determine a weighted average of the signals indicative of an electric field generated by electromagnetic activity of the brain. The system provides a medical body area network of a subject including one or more of the sensor assemblies and one or more additional sensors, which may be within a smartphone or other wearable device.

Abstract: Systems and methods for measuring brain activity of a subject are disclosed, comprising: positioning a plurality of electric field sensors at multiple positions on the exterior of a skull of the subject; measuring one to three components of a plurality of instantaneous electric field vectors generated by a plurality of electric field sources, the electric field vectors being measured by the plurality of electric field sensors; and determining brain activity of the subject based on the measurement of the plurality of instantaneous electric field vectors.

Abstract: An interchangeable sensor system is described, including: a microcantilever including a beam anchored at a first end, the beam being free to vibrate on another end, wherein a piezoelectric layer is deposited on a surface of the beam; an input configured to receive a voltage from a voltage source for applying voltage to the piezoelectric layer; and a resonating circuit including: the piezoelectric layer, configured as a capacitor of the resonant circuit; and one or more additional electrical elements; wherein the voltage source is configured to apply a first AC voltage under a first condition for actuating the microcantilever at a first mechanical resonating frequency of the microcantilever and a second AC voltage under a second condition for actuating the microcantilever at a second electrical resonating frequency of the resonating circuit. Method of using the sensor system is also described.

Abstract: Disclosed are nanoparticle compositions comprising paramagnetic particles, radiolabels, fluorophores, and/or positron emission tomography agents encapsulated within a biocompatible vehicle. In addition, methods of multi-modal diagnostic imaging and treating diseased tissues are disclosed, wherein the methods comprises administering a nanoparticle composition to a subject in which the nanoparticle composition comprises paramagnetic particles, radiolabels, fluorophores, and positron emission tomography agents encapsulated within a biocompatible vehicle.

Abstract: Nanoelements such as single walled carbon nanotubes are assembled in three dimensions into a nanoscale template on a substrate by means of electrophoresis and dielectrophoresis at ambient temperature. The current-voltage relation indicates that strong substrate-nanotube interconnects carrying mA currents are established inside the template pores. The method is suitable for large-scale, rapid, three-dimensional assembly of 1,000,000 nanotubes per square centimeter area using mild conditions. Circuit interconnects made by the method can be used for nanoscale electronics applications.

Abstract: Negative refraction in photonic crystals and diffraction grating is used to design plano-concave lenses to focus plane waves. Microwave experiments are carried out to demonstrate negative refraction and the performance of these lenses. Demonstration of negative refraction of visible light is also performed for the grism. These lenses can be used in optical circuits, astronomical applications, etc.

Abstract: Negative refraction in photonic crystals and diffraction grating is used to design plano-concave lenses to focus plane waves. Microwave experiments are carried out to demonstrate negative refraction and the performance of these lenses. Demonstration of negative refraction of visible light is also performed for the grism. These lenses can be used in optical circuits, astronomical applications, etc.

Abstract: A metamaterial comprises a plurality of metallic nanowires embedded in a dielectric matrix. The metamaterial composite media provide broadband all-angle negative refraction and flat lens, superlens and curved hyperlens imaging in specific spectral regions over a wide range of frequencies including, for example, from deep infrared to ultraviolet frequencies.